Question & Answer

How does an international negotiation ‘game’ differ from the prisoners’ dilemma game?

What is the role of rewards and incentives for executives in reducing    agency costs?

Jones Co. is in a technology-intensive industry. Recently, one of its competitors introduced a new product with technology that might render obsolete some of Jones’s inventory. The accounting staff wants to follow the appropriate authoritative literature in determining the accounting for this significant market event. Instructions Access the IFRS authoritative literature at the IASB website (http://eifrs.iasb.org/). (Click on the IFRS tab and then register for free eIFRS access if necessary.) When you have accessed the documents, you can use the search tool in your Internet browser to respond to the following questions. (Provide paragraph citations.) (a) Identify the authoritative literature addressing inventory pricing. (b) List three types of goods that are classified as inventory. What characteristic will automatically exclude an item from being classified as inventory? (c) Define “net realizable value” as used in the phrase “lower-of-cost-or-net realizable value.” (d) Explain when it is acceptable to state inventory above cost and which industries allow this practice.

The financial statements of Marks and Spencer plc (M&S) are available at the book’s companion website or can be accessed at http://annualreport.marksandspencer.com/_assets/downloads/ Marks-and-Spencer-Annual-report-and-financial-statements-2012.pdf. Instructions Refer to M&S’s financial statements and the accompanying notes to answer the following questions. (a) How does M&S value its inventories? Which inventory costing method does M&S use as a basis for reporting its inventories? (b) How does M&S report its inventories in the statement of financial position? In the notes to its financial statements, what three descriptions are used to classify its inventories? (c) What costs does M&S include in Inventory and Cost of Sales? (d) What was M&S’s inventory turnover in 2012? What is its gross profit percentage? Evaluate M&S’s inventory turnover and its gross profit percentage.

Use the information from IFRS17-10 but assume the shares were purchased to meet a non-trading regulatory requirement. Prepare Fairbanks’ journal entries to record (a) the purchase of the investment, (b) the dividends received, and (c) the fair value adjustment.

Tempe Corporation is a calendar-year corporation.  At the beginning of 2024, its election to be taxed as an S corporation became effective.  Tempe Corp.’s balance sheet at the end of 2023 reflected the following assets (it did not have any earnings and profits from its prior years as a C corporation): Asset Adjusted basis FMV Cash $20,000 $20,000 Accounts receivable 40,000 40,000 Inventory 160,000 200,000 Land 150,000 120,000   Totals $370,000 $380,000 Tempe Corp.’s business income for the year was $40,000 (this would have been its taxable income if it were a C corporation).  During 2024, Tempe Corp. sold all of the inventory it owned at the beginning of the year for $210,000.   a. What is its built-in gains tax in 2024?

At December 31, 2014, Higley Corporation has one temporary difference which will reverse and cause taxable amounts in 2015. In 2014, a new tax act set taxes equal to 45% for 2014, 40% for 2015, and 34% for 2016 and years thereafter. Instructions Explain what circumstances would call for Higley to compute its deferred tax liability at the end of 2014 by multiplying the cumulative temporary difference by: (a) 45%. (b) 40%. (c) 34%.

List several different sources of information used in job costing, and explain why this information is required.

How good are you at making probabilistic judgements? Here is an interesting example. Suppose that one out of every hundred people in the population has a genetic medical condition. There is a test for this medical condition that is 99 per cent accurate. This means that if a person has the condition, the test returns a positive result with a 99 per cent probability; and if a person does not have the condition, it returns a negative result with 99 per cent probability. If a person’s test comes back positive (and you know nothing else about that person), what is the probability that s/he has the medical condition?

Harrisburg Furniture Company started construction of a combination office and warehouse building for its own use at an estimated cost of $5,000,000 on January 1, 2014. Harrisburg expected to complete the building by December 31, 2014. Harrisburg has the following debt obligations outstanding during the construction period. Construction loan—12% interest, payable semiannually, issued December 31, 2013 $2,000,000Short-term loan—10% interest, payable monthly, and principal payable at maturity on May 30, 2015 1,400,000Long-term loan—11% interest, payable on January 1 of each year. Principal payable on January 1, 2018 1,000,000 Instructions (Carry all computations to two decimal places.) (a) Assume that Harrisburg completed the office and warehouse building on December 31, 2014, as planned at a total cost of $5,200,000, and the weighted-average amount of accumulated expenditures was $3,600,000. Compute the avoidable interest on this project. (b) Compute the depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2015. Harrisburg elected to depreciate the building on a straight-line basis and determined that the asset has a useful life of 30 years and a salvage value of $300,000.

Can you think of any examples where prices and wages do not adjust very rapidly to a shortage or surplus? For what reasons might they not do so?

For a recent 2-year period, the balance sheet of Santana Dotson Company showed the following stockholders’ equity data at December 31 (in millions). 2014 2013 Additional paid-in capital $ 931 $ 817 Common stock 545 540 Retained earnings 7,167 5,226 Treasury stock 1,564 918 Total stockholders’ equity $7,079 $5,665 Common stock shares issued 218 216 Common stock shares authorized 500 500 Treasury stock shares 34 27 Instructions (a) Answer the following questions. (1) What is the par value of the common stock? (2) What is the cost per share of treasury stock at December 31, 2014, and at December 31, 2013? (b) Prepare the stockholders’ equity section at December 31, 2014.

Solve the previous problem except that the metal to be welded is high carbon steel, the cross-sectional area of the weld = 25.0 mm2, and the melting factor = 0.6.

If the industry under perfect competition faces a downward-sloping demand curve, why does an individual firm face a horizontal demand curve?

McNabb Company spent $190,000 developing a new process, $45,000 in legal fees to obtain a patent, and $91,000 to market the process that was patented, all in the year 2014. How should these costs be accounted for in 2014?

Explain why some financial institutions prefer to sell the mortgages they originate. (LO4)

Was a ‘hard Brexit’ (reverting to WTO rules and negotiating bilateral trade deals) necessarily an inferior alternative for the UK to remaining in the European single market or, at least, in the customs union?

Explain the argument that the deductions for charitable contributions and home mortgage interest represent indirect subsidies for these activities.

Name the three basic categories of composite materials

Draw the isoquant corresponding to the following table, which shows the alternative combinations of labour and capital required to produce 100 units of output per day of good X. K  16  20  262/3 40 60 80 100 L 200 160 120 80 531/3 40  32 (a)  Assuming that capital costs are £20 per day and the wage rate is £10 per day, what is the least-cost method of producing 100 units? What will the daily total cost be? (Draw in a series of isocosts.) (b)  Now assume that the wage rate rises to £20 per day. Draw a new set of isocosts. What will be the least-cost method of producing 100 units now? How much labour and capital will be used?

] In 2024, OCC Corp. made a charitable donation of $400,000 to the International Rescue Committee (a qualifying charity). For the year, OCC reported taxable income of $1,500,000 before deducting any charitable contributions, before deducting its $20,000 dividends-received deduction, and before deducting its $40,000 NOL carryover from last year. Assume the donation is a qualified contribution.

At January 1, 2014, Eikenberry Inc. had accounts receivable of $72,000. At December 31, 2014, accounts receivable is $54,000. Sales revenue for 2014 total $420,000. Compute Eikenberry’s 2014 cash receipts from customers.

Ferraro, Inc. established a stock-appreciation rights (SAR) program on January 1, 2014, which entitles executives to receive cash at the date of exercise for the difference between the market price of the stock and the pre-established price of $20 on 5,000 SARs. The required service period is 2 years. The fair value of the SARs are determined to be $4 on December 31, 2014, and $9 on December 31, 2015. Compute Ferraro’s compensation expense for 2014 and 2015.

Waters Corporation purchased Johnson Company 3 years ago and at that time recorded goodwill of $400,000. The Johnson Division’s net assets, including the goodwill, have a carrying amount of $800,000. The fair value of the division is estimated to be $1,000,000. Prepare Waters’ journal entry, if necessary, to record impairment of the goodwill.

Presented below are certain account balances of Paczki Products Co. Rent revenue $ 6,500 Sales discounts $ 7,800 Interest expense 12,700 Selling expenses 99,400 Beginning retained earnings 114,400 Sales revenue 390,000 Ending retained earnings 134,000 Income tax expense 31,000 Dividend revenue 71,000 Cost of goods sold 184,400 Sales returns and allowances 12,400 Administrative expenses 82,500 Allocation to noncontrolling interest 17,000 Instructions From the foregoing, compute the following: (a) total net revenue, (b) net income, (c) dividends declared, and (d) income attributable to controlling stockholders.