Question & Answer

(a) From what sources might a corporation obtain funds through long-term debt? (b) What is a bond indenture? What does it contain? (c) What is a mortgage?

Komiko Tanaka invests $12,000 in LymaBean, Inc. LymaBean does not pay any dividends. Komiko projects that her investment will generate a 10 percent before-tax rate of return. She plans to invest for the long term.   a) How much cash will Komiko retain, after-taxes, if she holds the investment for five years and then she sells it when the long-term capital gains rate is 15 percent? b) What is Komiko’s after-tax rate of return on her investment in part (a)? c) How much cash will Komiko retain, after-taxes, if she holds the investment for five years and then sells when the long-term capital gains rate is 25 percent? d) What is Komiko’s after-tax rate of return on her investment in part (c)? e) How much cash will Komiko retain, after taxes, if she holds the investment for 15 years and then she sells when the long-term capital gains rate is 15 percent? f) What is Komiko’s after-tax rate of return on her investment in part (e)?

Simms Corp. controlled four domestic subsidiaries and one foreign subsidiary. Prior to the current year, Simms Corp. had excluded the foreign subsidiary from consolidation. During the current year, the foreign subsidiary was included in the financial statements. How should this change in accounting entity be reflected in the financial statements?

On January 5, 2014, Phelps Corporation received a charter granting the right to issue 5,000 shares of $100 par value, 8% cumulative and nonparticipating preferred stock, and 50,000 shares of $10 par value common stock. It then completed these transactions. Jan. 11 Issued 20,000 shares of common stock at $16 per share. Feb. 1 Issued to Sanchez Corp. 4,000 shares of preferred stock for the following assets: equipment with a fair value of $50,000; a factory building with a fair value of $160,000; and land with an appraised value of $270,000. July 29 Purchased 1,800 shares of common stock at $17 per share. (Use cost method.) Aug. 10 Sold the 1,800 treasury shares at $14 per share. Dec. 31 Declared a $0.25 per share cash dividend on the common stock and declared the preferred dividend. Dec. 31 Closed the Income Summary account. There was a $175,700 net income. Instructions (a) Record the journal entries for the transactions listed above. (b) Prepare the stockholders’ equity section of Phelps Corporation’s balance sheet as of December 31, 2014.

Sport Pro Magazine sold 12,000 annual subscriptions on August 1, 2014, for $18 each. Prepare Sport Pro’s August 1, 2014, journal entry and the December 31, 2014, annual adjusting entry, assuming the magazines are published and delivered monthly.

Fernandez Corporation purchased a truck at the beginning of 2014 for $50,000. The truck is estimated to have a salvage value of $2,000 and a useful life of 160,000 miles. It was driven 23,000 miles in 2014 and 31,000 miles in 2015. Compute depreciation expense for 2014 and 2015.

Use the information for Navajo Corporation from BE10-8. Prepare the journal entry to record the exchange, assuming the exchange lacks commercial substance.

Margaret Avery Company from time to time embarks on a research program when a special project seems to offer possibilities. In 2012, the company expends $325,000 on a research project, but by the end of 2012, it is impossible to determine whether any benefit will be derived from it. (a) What account should be charged for the $325,000, and how should it be shown in the financial statements? (b) The project is completed in 2013, and a successful patent is obtained. The R&D costs to complete the project are $130,000 ($36,000 of these costs were incurred after achieving economic viability). The administrative and legal expenses incurred in obtaining patent number 472-1001-84 in 2013 total $24,000. The patent has an expected useful life of 5 years. Record these costs in journal entry form. Also,record patent amortization (full year) in 2013. (c) In 2014, the company successfully defends the patent in extended litigation at a cost of $47,200, thereby extending the patent life to December 31, 2021. What is the proper way to account for thiscost?Also, record patent amortization (full year) in 2014. (d) Additional engineering and consulting costs incurred in 2014 required to advance the design of a new version of the product to the manufacturing stage total $60,000. These costs enhance the design of the product considerably, but it is highly uncertain if there will be a market for the new version of the product. Discuss the proper accounting treatment for this cost.

Eisler Corporation issued 2,000 $1,000 bonds at 101. Each bond was issued with one detachable stock warrant. After issuance, the bonds were selling in the market at 98, and the warrants had a market price of $40. Use the proportional method to record the issuance of the bonds and warrants

Scratch Miniature Golf and Driving Range Inc. was opened on March 1 by Scott Verplank. The following selected events and transactions occurred during March. Mar. 1 Invested $50,000 cash in the business in exchange for common stock. 3 Purchased Michelle Wie’s Golf Land for $38,000 cash. The price consists of land $10,000, building $22,000, and equipment $6,000. (Make one compound entry.) 5 Advertised the opening of the driving range and miniature golf course, paying advertising expenses of $1,600. 6 Paid cash $1,480 for a one-year insurance policy. 10 Purchased golf equipment for $2,500 from Singh Company, payable in 30 days. Mar. 18 Received golf fees of $1,200 in cash. 25 Declared and paid a $500 cash dividend. 30 Paid wages of $900. 30 Paid Singh Company in full. 31 Received $750 of fees in cash. Scratch uses the following accounts: Cash, Prepaid Insurance, Land, Buildings, Equipment, Accounts Payable, Common Stock, Dividends, Service Revenue, Advertising Expense, and Salaries and Wages Expense. Instructions Journalize the March transactions. (Provide explanations for the journal entries.)

Distinguish between ratio analysis and percentage analysis relative to the interpretation of financial statements. What is the value of these two types of analyses?

Fong Sai-Yuk Company sells one product. Presented below is information for January for Fong Sai-Yuk Company. Jan. 1 Inventory 100 units at $5 each 4 Sale 80 units at $8 each 11 Purchase 150 units at $6 each 13 Sale 120 units at $8.75 each 20 Purchase 160 units at $7 each 27 Sale 100 units at $9 each Fong Sai-Yuk uses the FIFO cost flow assumption. All purchases and sales are on account. Instructions (a) Assume Fong Sai-Yuk uses a periodic system. Prepare all necessary journal entries, including the end-of-month closing entry to record cost of goods sold. A physical count indicates that the ending inventory for January is 110 units. (b) Compute gross profit using the periodic system. (c) Assume Fong Sai-Yuk uses a perpetual system. Prepare all necessary journal entries. (d) Compute gross profit using the perpetual system.

1.       : What are the first rung, glass ceiling, and bamboo ceiling, and why do you think they have proved to be such barriers to women and underrepresented employees?

Indicate where the following items would be shown on a balance sheet. (a) A lien that was attached to the land when purchased. (b) Landscaping costs. (c) Attorney’s fees and recording fees related to purchasing land. (d) Variable overhead related to construction of machinery. (e) A parking lot servicing employees in the building. (f) Cost of temporary building for workers during construction of building. (g) Interest expense on bonds payable incurred during construction of a building. (h) Assessments for sidewalks that are maintained by the city. (i) The cost of demolishing an old building that was on the land when purchased.

Komissarov Company has a debt investment in the bonds issued by Keune Inc. The bonds were purchased at par for $400,000 and, at the end of 2014, have a remaining life of 3 years with annual interest payments at 10%, paid at the end of each year. This debt investment is classified as held-for-collection. Keune is facing a tough economic environment and informs all of its investors that it will be unable to make all payments according to the contractual terms. The controller of Komissarov has prepared the following revised expected cash flow forecast for this bond investment. Dec. 31 Expected Cash Flows 2015 $ 35,000 2016 35,000 2017 385,000 Total cash flows $455,000 Instructions (a) Determine the impairment loss for Komissarov at December 31, 2014. (b) Prepare the entry to record the impairment loss for Komissarov at December 31, 2014. (c) On January 15, 2015, Keune receives a major capital infusion from a private equity investor. It informs Komissarov that the bonds now will be paid according to the contractual terms. Briefly describe how Komissarov would account for the bond investment in light of this new information.

Define (a) a contingency and (b) a contingent liability.

Archer Inc. issued $4,000,000 par value, 7% convertible bonds at 99 for cash. If the bonds had not included the conversion feature, they would have sold for 95. Prepare the journal entry to record the issuance of the bonds.

Distinguish among: cash dividends, property dividends, liquidating dividends, and stock dividends.

1.      : What is the underlying communication mistake in this case? Why do you think Howard Clarke sent those e-mails?

In a certain chemical blanking operation, a sulfuric acid etchant is used to remove material from a sheet of magnesium alloy. The sheet is 0.25 mm thick. The screen resist method of masking was used to permit high production rates to be achieved. As it turns out, the process is producing a large proportion of scrap. Specified tolerances of ±0.025 mm are not being achieved. The foreman in the CHM department complains that there must be something wrong with the sulfuric acid. \"Perhaps the concentration is incorrect,\" he suggests. Analyze the problem and recommend a solution.

O’Neil, Inc. began work on a $7,000,000 contract in 2014 to construct an office building. O’Neil uses the percentage-of-completion method. At December 31, 2014, the balances in certain accounts were Construction in Process $2,450,000; Accounts Receivable $240,000; and Billings on Construction in Process $1,400,000. Indicate how these accounts would be reported in O’Neil’s December 31, 2014, balance sheet.

Match the qualitative characteristics below with the following statements. 1. Relevance 5. Comparability 2. Faithful representation 6. Completeness 3. Predictive value 7. Neutrality 4. Confirmatory value 8. Timeliness (a) Quality of information that permits users to identify similarities in and differences between two sets of economic phenomena. (b) Having information available to users before it loses its capacity to influence decisions. (c) Information about an economic phenomenon that has value as an input to the processes used by capital providers to form their own expectations about the future. (d) Information that is capable of making a difference in the decisions of users in their capacity ascapital providers. (e) Absence of bias intended to attain a predetermined result or to induce a particular behavior.

Gordeeva Corporation began selling goods on the installment basis on January 1, 2014. During 2014, Gordeeva had installment sales of $150,000; cash collections of $54,000; cost of installment sales of $102,000. Prepare the company’s entries to record installment sales, cash collected, cost of installment sales, deferral of gross profit, and gross profit recognized, using the installment-sales method.

1.    : Imagine yourself in a situation of being encouraged by colleagues to inflate your expense account. What factors do you think would influence your decision? Explain.

On December 21, 2014, Zurich Company provided you with the following information regarding its trading investments. December 31, 2014 Investments (Trading) Cost Fair Value Unrealized Gain (Loss) Stargate Corp. shares $20,000 $19,000 $(1,000) Carolina Co. shares 10,000 9,000 (1,000) Vectorman Co. shares 20,000 20,600 600 Total of portfolio $50,000 $48,600 $(1,400) Previous fair value adjustment balance –0– Fair value adjustment—Cr. $ (1,400) During 2015, Carolina Company shares were sold for $9,500. The fair value of the shares on December 31, 2015, was Stargate Corp. shares—$19,300; Vectorman Co. shares—$20,500. Instructions (a) Prepare the adjusting journal entry needed on December 31, 2014. (b) Prepare the journal entry to record the sale of the Carolina Company shares during 2015. (c) Prepare the adjusting journal entry needed on December 31, 2015.