Question & Answer

Do you think that the U.S. financial system will be able to avoid another credit crisis in the future? (LO5)

Reichenbach Co., organized in 2013, has set up a single account for all intangible assets. The following summary discloses the debit entries that have been recorded during 2014 and 2015. Intangible Assets 7/1/14 8-year franchise; expiration date 6/30/22 $ 48,000 10/1/14 Advance payment on laboratory space (2-year lease) 24,000 12/31/14 Net loss for 2013 including state incorporation fee, $1,000, and related legal fees of organizing, $5,000 (all fees incurred in 2013) 16,000 1/2/15 Patent purchased (10-year life) 84,000 3/1/15 Cost of developing a secret formula (indefinite life) 75,000 4/1/15 Goodwill purchased (indefinite life) 278,400 6/1/15 Legal fee for successful defense of patent purchased above 12,650 9/1/15 Research and development costs 160,000 Instructions Prepare the necessary entries to clear the Intangible Assets account and to set up separate accounts for distinct types of intangibles. Make the entries as of December 31, 2015, recording any necessary amortization and reflecting all balances accurately as of that date. (Ignore income tax effects.)

1.       : Describe how diversity of thought boosts creativity and innovation in the workplace. Why do managers consider diversity of thought to be a competitive advantage?

Automated inspection can be integrated with the manufacturing process to accomplish certain actions. What are these possible actions?

In computing the interest component of pension expense, what interest rates may be used?

Clemson Company had the following stockholders’ equity as of January 1, 2014. Common stock, $5 par value, 20,000 shares issued $100,000 Paid-in capital in excess of par—common stock 300,000 Retained earnings 320,000 Total stockholders’ equity $720,000 During 2014, the following transactions occurred. Feb. 1 Clemson repurchased 2,000 shares of treasury stock at a price of $19 per share. Mar. 1 800 shares of treasury stock repurchased above were reissued at $17 per share. Mar. 18 500 shares of treasury stock repurchased above were reissued at $14 per share. Apr. 22 600 shares of treasury stock repurchased above were reissued at $20 per share. Instructions (a) Prepare the journal entries to record the treasury stock transactions in 2014, assuming Clemson uses the cost method. (b) Prepare the stockholders’ equity section as of April 30, 2014. Net income for the first 4 months of 2014 was $130,000.

The trial balance before adjustment for Phil Collins Company shows the following balances. Dr. Cr. Accounts Receivable $82,000 Allowance for Doubtful Accounts 2,120 Sales Revenue $430,000 Instructions Using the data above, give the journal entries required to record each of the following cases. (Each situation is independent.) 1. To obtain additional cash, Collins factors without recourse $25,000 of accounts receivable with Stills Finance. The finance charge is 10% of the amount factored. 2. To obtain a 1-year loan of $55,000, Collins assigns $65,000 of specific receivable accounts to Crosby Financial. The finance charge is 8% of the loan; the cash is received and the accounts turned over to Crosby Financial. 3. The company wants to maintain the Allowance for Doubtful Accounts at 5% of gross accounts receivable. 4. The company wishes to increase the allowance account by 1½% of net sales.

What is the difference between a shrink fit and expansion fit in assembly?

Hawkeye sold farming equipment for $55,000. It bought the equipment four years ago for $75,000, and it has since claimed a total of $42,000 in depreciation deductions against the asset. Explain how to calculate Hawkeye’s adjusted basis in the farming equipment.

The market value of Lake Corporation’s inventory has declined below its cost. Sheryl Conan, the controller, wants to use the loss method to write down inventory because it more clearly discloses the decline in market value and does not distort the cost of goods sold. Her supervisor, financial vice president Dick Wright, prefers the cost-of-goods-sold method to write down inventory because it does not call attention to the decline in market value. Instructions Answer the following questions. (a) What, if any, is the ethical issue involved? (b) Is any stakeholder harmed if Dick Wright’s preference is used? (c) What should Sheryl Conan do?

It is desired to etch out a region of a silicon dioxide film on the surface of a silicon wafer. The SiO2 film is 100 nm thick. The width of the etched-out area is specified to be 650 nm. (a) If the degree of anisotropy for the etchant in the process is known to be 1.25, what should be the size of the opening in the mask through which the etchant will operate? (b) If plasma etching is used instead of wet etching, and the degree of anisotropy for plasma etching is infinity, what should be the size of the mask opening?

Visit your state’s official website and review the information there related to forming and operating business entities in your state. Write a short report explaining the steps for organizing a business in your state and summarizing any tax-related information you found.

At December 31, 2014, Fell Corporation had a deferred tax liability of $680,000, resulting from future taxable amounts of $2,000,000 and an enacted tax rate of 34%. In May 2015, a new income tax act is signed into law that raises the tax rate to 40% for 2015 and future years. Prepare the journal entry for Fell to adjust the deferred tax liability.

On July 1, 2014, Brigham Corporation purchased Young Company by paying $250,000 cash and issuing a $100,000 note payable to Steve Young. At July 1, 2014, the balance sheet of Young Company was as follows. Cash $ 50,000 Accounts payable $200,000 Accounts receivable 90,000 Stockholders’ equity 235,000 Inventory 100,000 $435,000 Land 40,000 Buildings (net) 75,000 Equipment (net) 70,000 Trademarks 10,000 $435,000 The recorded amounts all approximate current values except for land (fair value of $60,000), inventory (fair value of $125,000), and trademarks (fair value of $15,000). Instructions (a) Prepare the July 1 entry for Brigham Corporation to record the purchase. (b) Prepare the December 31 entry for Brigham Corporation to record amortization of intangibles. The trademark has an estimated useful life of 4 years with a residual value of $3,000.

1.    : Two U.S. companies are competing to take over a large factory in the Czech Republic. One delegation tours the facility and asks questions about how the plant might be run more efficiently. The other delegation focuses on ways to improve working conditions and produce a better product. Which delegation do you think is more likely to succeed operating the plant?  Why? What information would you want to collect to decide whether to acquire the plant for your company?

What is the purpose of a free cash flow analysis?

The following are selected 2014 transactions of Sean Astin Corporation. Sept. 1 Purchased inventory from Encino Company on account for $50,000. Astin records purchases gross and uses a periodic inventory system. Oct. 1 Issued a $50,000, 12-month, 8% note to Encino in payment of account. Oct. 1 Borrowed $50,000 from the Shore Bank by signing a 12-month, zero-interest-bearing $54,000 note. Instructions (a) Prepare journal entries for the selected transactions above. (b) Prepare adjusting entries at December 31. (c) Compute the total net liability to be reported on the December 31 balance sheet for: (1) The interest-bearing note. (2) The zero-interest-bearing note.

Ethical Decision making — promoting inappropriate uses of ABC When activity-based costing was first developed, consultants sometimes promoted it for inappropriate uses. Many consulting services focused on using ABC information for short-term decisions such as pricing and product emphasis. Yet in the early stages of ABC and activity-based management development, both flexible and committed costs were included in ABC cost pools and were not tracked separately. As a result, ABC unit costs included both fixed and variable costs, even when the fixed costs were irrelevant for decision making. ABC promoters suggested that all costs were variable in the long run, and they ignored criticism of their methods.   If the ABC cost rates include fixed costs, their unquestioned use in setting prices is detrimental to operations. If demand falls, then production volumes might fall too, causing costs per unit to increase followed by increases in prices. This type of pricing policy can lead to a death spiral, in which prices increase inappropriately as volumes decline.   After ABC was developed, it was quickly added to cost accounting curriculums at many different universities. However, a few academics were highly critical of ABC and eventually provided evidence that overhead costs included a large portion of fixed costs, even in the long run.80 As research evidence accumulated, ABC consultants advised entities not to allocate facility-level costs and to categorise costs within each activity cost pool as flexible and committed. Then total costs could be used to analyse processes and improve operations, but flexible cost information could be retrieved for decision making.   Currently, ‘incremental ABC cost analysis’ services are being promoted. These services are sometimes called predictive accounting. Because consulting services can be expensive and judging the outcome of new ideas difficult, managers need to incorporate healthy scepticism when considering the potential costs and benefits of products and services promoted by consultants.81   Required What ethical problems might arise for managers when considering the use of consultants to develop ABC techniques for sustainability opportunities? Your answers should relate to the promotion of ABC for pricing, other short-term decision, incremental ABC or predictive accounting relating to sustainability opportunities? Answers should also consider the potential for consultant bias and whether the technique will benefit their client particularly when the consulting service might have uncertain outcomes.             (LO2 and 4)

A solid cube of aluminum with each side = 1.0 m is converted into metallic powders of spherical shape by gas atomization. How much total surface area is added by the process if the diameter of each particle is 100 microns (assume that all particles are the same size)?

Why would the adjustable peg system have been less suitable in the world of the mid-1970s than it was back in the 1950s?

In a direct extrusion operation the cross section shown in Figure P19.32(b) is produced from a copper billet whose diameter = 100 mm and length = 500 mm. In the flow curve for copper, the strength coefficient = 300 MPa and strain hardening exponent = 0.50. In the Johnson strain equation, a = 0.8 and b = 1.5. Determine (a) the extrusion ratio, (b) the shape factor, (c) the force required to drive the ram forward during extrusion at the point in the process when the billet length remaining in the container = 450 mm, and (d) the length of the extruded section at the end of the operation if the volume of the butt left in the container is 350,000 mm3

Assuming that Y rises each year as a result of increases in productivity, can money supply rise without causing inflation? Would this destroy the validity of the quantity theory?

Fielder Company obtained land by issuing 2,000 shares of its $10 par value common stock. The land was recently appraised at $85,000. The common stock is actively traded at $40 per share. Prepare the journal entry to record the acquisition of the land.

Is trade diversion more likely or less likely in the following cases? (a)  European producers gain monopoly power in world trade. (b)  Modern developments in technology and communications reduce the differences in production costs associated with different locations. (c)  The development of the internal market produces substantial economies of scale in many industries.

Why do firms engage in IPOs? What is the amount of the fees that the lead underwriter and its syndicate charge a firm that is going public? Why are there many IPOs in some periods and few IPOs in other periods? (LO3)