Question & Answer

Chuck, a single taxpayer, earns $75,000 in taxable income and $10,000 in interest from an investment in City of Heflin bonds.  Using the U.S. tax rate schedule (see Appendix C), how much federal tax will he owe?  What is his average tax rate?  What is his effective tax rate?  What is his current marginal tax rate?

{Research}  This week Jim’s residence was heavily damaged by a storm system that spread destruction throughout the region.  While Jim’s property insurance covers some of the damage, there is a significant amount of uninsured loss.  The governor of Jim’s state has requested that the president declare the region a federal disaster area and provide federal disaster assistance.  Explain to Jim the income tax implications of such a declaration and any associated tax planning possibilities.

There are 13 correct answers in the following multiple choice questions (some questions have multiple answers that are correct). To attain a perfect score on the quiz, all correct answers must be given. Each correct answer is worth 1 point. Each omitted answer or wrong answer reduces the score by 1 point, and each additional answer beyond the correct number of answers reduces the score by 1 point. Percentage score on the quiz is based on the total number of correct answers. 18.1 Which of the following are bulk deformation processes (three correct answers): (a) bending, (b) deep drawing, (c) extrusion, (d) forging, (e) rolling, and (f) shearing? 18.2 Which of the following is typical of the starting work geometry in sheet metal processes: (a) high volume-to-area ratio or (b) low volume-to-area ratio? 18.3 The flow curve expresses the behavior of a metal in which of the following regions of the stress-strain curve: (a) elastic region or (b) plastic region? 18.4 The average flow stress is the flow stress multiplied by which of the following factors: (a) n, (b) (1+n), (c) 1/n, or (d) 1/(1+n), where n is the strain-hardening exponent? 18.5 Hot working of metals refers to which one of the following temperature regions relative to the melting point of the given metal on an absolute temperature scale: (a) room temperature, (b) 0.2Tm, (c) 0.4Tm, or (d) 0.6Tm? 18.6 Which of the following are advantages and characteristics of hot working relative to cold working (four correct answers): (a) fracture of workpart is less likely, (b) friction is reduced, (c) increased strength properties, (d) isotropic mechanical properties, (e) less overall energy is required, (f) lower deformation forces is required, (g) more significant shape changes are possible, and (h) strain-rate sensitivity is reduced? 18.7 Increasing strain rate tends to have which one of the following effects on flow stress during hot forming of metal: (a) decreases flow stress, (b) has no effect, or (c) increases flow stress? 18.8 The coefficient of friction between the part and the tool in cold working tends to be (a) higher, (b) lower, or (c) no different relative to its value in hot working?

What are the three types of static stresses to which materials are subjected?

What two factors increase the difference between present and future values?

Why is a shareholder’s basis in an S corporation stock adjusted annually?

On April 15, 2015, fire damaged the office and warehouse of Stanislaw Corporation. The only accounting record saved was the general ledger, from which the trial balance below was prepared.   The following data and information have been gathered. 1. The fiscal year of the corporation ends on December 31. 2. An examination of the April bank statement and canceled checks revealed that checks written during the period April 1–15 totaled $13,000: $5,700 paid to accounts payable as of March 31, $3,400 for April merchandise shipments, and $3,900 paid for other expenses. Deposits during the same period amounted to $12,950, which consisted of receipts on account from customers with the exception of a $950 refund from a vendor for merchandise returned in April. 3. Correspondence with suppliers revealed unrecorded obligations at April 15 of $15,600 for April merchandise shipments, including $2,300 for shipments in transit (f.o.b. shipping point) on that date. 4. Customers acknowledged indebtedness of $46,000 at April 15, 2015. It was also estimated that customers owed another $8,000 that will never be acknowledged or recovered. Of the acknowledged indebtedness, $600 will probably be uncollectible. 5. The companies insuring the inventory agreed that the corporation’s fire-loss claim should be based on the assumption that the overall gross profit rate for the past 2 years was in effect during the current year. The corporation’s audited financial statements disclosed this information: Year Ended December 31 2014 2013 Net sales $530,000 $390,000 Net purchases 280,000 235,000 Beginning inventory 50,000 66,000 Ending inventory 75,000 50,000 Inventory with a cost of $7,000 was salvaged and sold for $3,500. The balance of the inventory wasm a total loss. Instructions Prepare a schedule computing the amount of inventory fire loss. The supporting schedule of the computation of the gross profit should be in good form.

Finley Corporation had income from continuing operations of $10,600,000 in 2014. During 2014, it disposed of its restaurant division at an after-tax loss of $189,000. Prior to disposal, the division operated at a loss of $315,000 (net of tax) in 2014. Finley had 10,000,000 shares of common stock outstanding during 2014. Prepare a partial income statement for Finley beginning with income from continuing operations.

1.    : Somnio, a start-up customizable running shoe company in California, decided to start selling its products around the world from the very beginning. In general terms, name some of the challenges that a start-up company such as Somnio might face internationally.

Under what circumstances will the gain or loss on the sale of a partnership interest be characterized as ordinary rather than capital?

What type of information do investors rely on when determining the proper value of stocks? (LO2)

Remmers Company manufactures desks. Most of the company’s desks are standard models and are sold on the basis of catalog prices. At December 31, 2014, the following finished desks appear in the company’s inventory. Finished Desks A B C D 2014 catalog selling price $450 $480 $900 $1,050 FIFO cost per inventory list 12/31/14 470 450 830 960 Estimated current cost to manufacture (at December 31, 2014, and early 2015) 460 430 610 1,000 Sales commissions and estimated other costs of disposal 50 60 80 130 2015 catalog selling price 500 540 900 1,200 The 2014 catalog was in effect through November 2014, and the 2015 catalog is effective as of December 1, 2014. All catalog prices are net of the usual discounts. Generally, the company attempts to obtain a 20% gross profit on selling price and has usually been successful in doing so. Instructions At what amount should each of the four desks appear in the company’s December 31, 2014, inventory, assuming that the company has adopted a lower-of-FIFO-cost-or-market approach for valuation of inventories on an individual-item basis?

Determine the starting disk diameter required to spin the part in Figure P20.32 using a conventional spinning operation. The starting thickness = 2.4 mm

Roquan, a single taxpayer, is an attorney and practices as a sole proprietor. This year, Roquan had net business income of $90,000 from his law practice (net of the associated for AGI self-employment tax deduction). Assume that Roquan pays $40,000 wages to his employees, has $10,000 of property (unadjusted basis of equipment he purchased last year), and has no capital gains or qualified dividends. His taxable income before the deduction for qualified business income is $100,000. a. Calculate Roquan’s deduction for qualified business income. b. Assume the same facts provided above, except Roquan’s taxable income before the deduction for qualified business income is $300,000.

Each of the following items must be considered in preparing a statement of cash flows for Cruz Fashions Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2014. 1. Fixed assets that had cost $20,000 61⁄2 years before and were being depreciated on a 10-year basis, with no estimated scrap value, were sold for $4,750. 2. During the year, goodwill of $15,000 was considered impaired and was completely written off to expense. 3. During the year, 500 shares of common stock with a stated value of $25 a share were issued for $32 a share. 4. The company sustained a net loss for the year of $2,100. Depreciation amounted to $2,000 and patent amortization was $400. 5. Uncollectible accounts receivable in the amount of $2,000 were written off against Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. 6. Investments (available-for-sale) that cost $12,000 when purchased 4 years earlier were sold for $10,600. The loss was considered ordinary. 7. Bonds payable with a par value of $24,000 on which there was an unamortized bond premium of $2,000 were redeemed at 101. The gain was credited to ordinary income. Instructions For each item, state where it is to be shown in the statement and then how you would present the necessary information, including the amount. Consider each item to be independent of the others. Assume that correct entries were made for all transactions as they took place.

Assume Congress increases the dividend tax rate to the ordinary tax rate while leaving all other tax rates unchanged. How would this change affect the overall tax rate on corporate taxable income?

How is raw rubber recovered from the latex that is tapped from a rubber tree?

Compare and contrast the different year-ends available to sole proprietorships, flow-through entities, and C corporations.

What is the sequence of processing steps required to produce finished rubber goods?

Use the information for Boyne Inc. from BE9-8, and assume the price level increased from 100 at the beginning of the year to 115 at year-end. Compute ending inventory at cost using the dollar-value LIFO retail method.

Rania contributed equipment worth $200,000, purchased 10 months ago for $250,000 cash and used in her sole proprietorship, to Sand Creek LLC in exchange for a 15 percent profits and capital interest in the LLC. Rania agreed to guarantee all $15,000 of Sand Creek’s accounts payable, but she did not guarantee any portion of the $100,000 nonrecourse mortgage securing Sand Creek’s office building. Other than the accounts payable and mortgage, Sand Creek does not have any liabilities to other creditors. a. What is Rania’s initial tax basis in her LLC interest? b. What is Rania’s holding period in her interest? c. What is Sand Creek’s initial basis in the contributed property? d. What is Sand Creek’s holding period in the contributed property?

What enables banks safely to engage in both maturity transformation and risk transformation?

On April 1, 2014, Gloria Estefan Company received a condemnation award of $430,000 cash as compensation for the forced sale of the company’s land and building, which stood in the path of a new state highway. The land and building cost $60,000 and $280,000, respectively, when they were acquired. At April 1, 2014, the accumulated depreciation relating to the building amounted to $160,000. On August 1, 2014, Estafan purchased a piece of replacement property for cash. The new land cost $90,000, and the new building cost $400,000. Instructions Prepare the journal entries to record the transactions on April 1 and August 1, 2014.

What is the continuity law as it applies to the flow of molten metal in casting?

Compare and contrast when taxpayers are allowed to deduct the cost of warranties provided by others to the taxpayer (i.e., purchased by the taxpayer) and when taxpayers are allowed to deduct the costs associated with warranties they provide (sell) to others.